Acne

September 28, 2020

2 min read

Acne might affect the skin, but it can begin to affect the self-esteem when left untreated. For this reason, seeking treatment is often a necessary step for those who suffer from long-term acne. Here's what you need to know to get the diagnosis and treatment you need.

Identifying acne

Generally speaking, there are two types of acne: common acne, which consists of whiteheads, blackheads, and pimples, and cystic acne, which is characterized by deep, painful nodules and cystic lesions under the skin.

The symptoms of acne are blemishes on the face, back, or other body parts.

Causes of acne

The causes of acne remain largely unknown, but we do some of the factors that increase your risk of developing acne and other skin problems. Known causes include:

hormonal changes, especially those that occur during adolescence
bacteria growth in plugged hair follicles

Although stress doesn't cause acne, it can exacerbate it, contribute to worsening skin and breakouts.

Self-care for acne

Acne is very common, and many people who have acne will never require medical treatment for the condition because they're able to manage it at home. Things you can try before seeking diagnosis and treatment from a dermatologist include cleansing your face daily with medicated acne wash, keeping your skin moisturized to prevent excess oil production, and changing your diet. Eating colorful fruits and vegetables, avoiding processed foods like bread and candy, and taking supplements like zinc and fish oil can help treat acne long-term.

You should avoid touching acne-prone skin as you can increase the oil on your skin, clogging pores and follicles and contributing to worsening symptoms. Picking blemishes can lead to permanent scarring and should be avoided, too.

Acne treatment

If home treatment does not resolve or significantly reduce acne, it might be time to seek help from a medical provider. While dermatologists typically treat acne, you may have to start with your primary care provider in order to secure a referal to a dermatology clinic. If you find a dermatologist who doesn't require a referral from primary care, be sure to review your insurance policy to determine whether your insurer requires it.

The dermatologist will examine your skin and medical history and develop a treatment plan to help you get your acne under control, avoid future scarring, and reduce the appearance of existing acne scars. Treatment varies from one patient to the next depending on the type and causes of your acne.

Common treatments include:

in-office treatments like drainage and extraction, steroid injection, light therapy, or chemical peel
topical medications, which are applied directly to the skin, including retinoids, antibiotics, dapsone, salicylic acid, and azelaic acid
oral medications, which are taken orally, including antibiotics, contraceptives, isotretinoin, and anti-androgen agents

The dermatologist will likely also recommend that you continue certain home treatments like dietary changes, routine cleansing, and daily moisturizer.

Pregnant women may have limited options until after delivery in order to ensure safety for mom and baby.

While acne can leave you feeling uncomfortable and self-conscious, there is treatment available. You don't have to suffer from acne indefinitely with the help of a qualified healthcare provider.